{"id":2629,"date":"2025-08-07T17:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-07T17:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/?p=2629"},"modified":"2025-08-06T18:30:58","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T18:30:58","slug":"9-fluorine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/08\/07\/9-fluorine\/","title":{"rendered":"#9 Fluorine"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This tiny titan is the lightest of the halogens and the most chemically aggressive element known. It doesn&#8217;t play nicely with others \u2014 except helium, neon, and argon \u2014 and it\u2019s the absolute king when it comes to electronegativity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fluorine exists as a diatomic molecule (F\u2082) and forms bonds that are short, strong, and dangerously reactive. One whiff of this pale yellow gas, and you\u2019ll know: this element means business. It\u2019s highly toxic, corrosive, and explosive if mishandled \u2014 a real daredevil of the periodic table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Properties:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Symbol:<\/strong> F<br><strong>Atomic number:<\/strong> 9<br><strong>Appearance:<\/strong> Pale yellow gas<br><strong>Discovery:<\/strong> 1810 by Andr\u00e9-Marie Amp\u00e8re<br><strong>Group:<\/strong> Reactive Nonmetal<br><strong>Phase at STP:<\/strong> Gas<br><strong>Electronegativity:<\/strong> 3.98 (the highest!)<br><strong>Density:<\/strong> 0.001696 g\/cm\u00b3<br><strong>Electron Configuration:<\/strong> 1s\u00b2 2s\u00b2 2p\u2075<br><strong>Atomic Mass:<\/strong> 18.9984 u<br><strong>Melting Point:<\/strong> \u2212219.67\u202f\u00b0C<br><strong>Boiling Point:<\/strong> \u2212188.11\u202f\u00b0C<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\uddea Science-y Stuff<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Electron Shells:<\/strong> K2 L7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Covalent Radius:<\/strong> 71 pm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Van der Waals Radius:<\/strong> 147 pm<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ionization Energies:<\/strong> From 17.42 eV up to a wild 1103.12 eV<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Common Ion:<\/strong> F\u207b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Crystal Structure:<\/strong> Cubic<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Specific Heat Capacity:<\/strong> 0.824 J\/g\u00b7K<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>CAS Registry Number:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fluorine\">7782-41-4<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2622\ufe0f Isotopic Mayhem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While F-19 is stable and found in nature, Fluorine has a whole party of unstable isotopes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Isotope<\/th><th>Mass (u)<\/th><th>Half-life<\/th><th>Decay Mode<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>F-17<\/td><td>17.002<\/td><td>64.370 s<\/td><td>\u03b2\u207a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F-18<\/td><td>18.001<\/td><td>109.739 min<\/td><td>\u03b2\u207a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F-20<\/td><td>19.999<\/td><td>11.163 s<\/td><td>\u03b2\u207b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F-21<\/td><td>20.999<\/td><td>4.158 s<\/td><td>\u03b2\u207b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>F-31<\/td><td>31.060<\/td><td>Unknown<\/td><td>\u03b2\u207b<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>(That\u2019s just the tip of the isotopic iceberg, view all isotopes in the Atomic application.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dive Deeper:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Get Atomic &#8211; Periodic Table for all data!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Windows:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/apps.microsoft.com\/detail\/9nbt1tcw2cnt\">https:\/\/apps.microsoft.com\/detail\/9nbt1tcw2cnt<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Android:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.jlindemann.science\">https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.jlindemann.science<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This tiny titan is the lightest of the halogens and the most chemically aggressive element known. It doesn&#8217;t play nicely with others \u2014 except helium, neon, and argon \u2014 and it\u2019s the absolute king when it comes to electronegativity. Fluorine exists as a diatomic molecule (F\u2082) and forms bonds that are short, strong, and dangerously [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Fluoro_liquido_a_-196%C2%B0C_1-e1754505010545.jpg?fit=1177%2C663&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paQrWz-Gp","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2623,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/08\/06\/8-oxygen\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":0},"title":"#8 Oxygen","author":"admin","date":"August 6, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Carl Wilhelm Scheele, a relentless chemist of the 18th century, discovered Oxygen in 1771\u2014a gas that would prove essential not just for respiration, but for the fiery dance of combustion, corrosion, and the symphony of planetary chemistry. Today, it forms about 20.95% of Earth\u2019s atmosphere, and nearly half of the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Atomic&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Atomic","link":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/category\/atomic\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Liquid_oxygen_in_a_beaker_4-e1754504338405.jpg?fit=799%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Liquid_oxygen_in_a_beaker_4-e1754504338405.jpg?fit=799%2C450&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Liquid_oxygen_in_a_beaker_4-e1754504338405.jpg?fit=799%2C450&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Liquid_oxygen_in_a_beaker_4-e1754504338405.jpg?fit=799%2C450&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2611,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/08\/04\/7-nitrogen\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":1},"title":"#7 Nitrogen","author":"admin","date":"August 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\ud83c\udf1f Element of the Week \u2013 Nitrogen \ud83c\udf1f With the symbol N and atomic number 7, Nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless nonmetal that makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. Essential for life and widely used in industry, it\u2019s a versatile element with a fascinating range of properties.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Atomic&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Atomic","link":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/category\/atomic\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/800px-Fluessiger_Stickstoff-e1754332158784.jpg?fit=800%2C451&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/800px-Fluessiger_Stickstoff-e1754332158784.jpg?fit=800%2C451&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/800px-Fluessiger_Stickstoff-e1754332158784.jpg?fit=800%2C451&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/800px-Fluessiger_Stickstoff-e1754332158784.jpg?fit=800%2C451&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2393,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/04\/04\/5-boron\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":2},"title":"#5 Boron","author":"admin","date":"April 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u2018Element of the Week\u2019\u00a0\u2013 Boron: With the symbol B and atomic number 5, boron is a low-abundance element. Often used in the form as a \"boron filament\" Some properties include: Atomic Weight = 10.81 (u) Density = 2.08 (g\/cm^3) Electronegativity = 2.04 Fusion heat = 50.2 (kJ\/mol) Specific Heat Capacity\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_5-1-e1743755748270.png?fit=1013%2C587&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_5-1-e1743755748270.png?fit=1013%2C587&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_5-1-e1743755748270.png?fit=1013%2C587&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_5-1-e1743755748270.png?fit=1013%2C587&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2399,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/04\/04\/6-carbon\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":3},"title":"#6 Carbon","author":"admin","date":"April 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\u2018Element of the Week\u2019\u00a0\u2013 Carbon: With the symbol C and atomic number 6, Carbon is a nonmetallic and tetravalent element. It makes out roughly 0.025% of the Earth's crust and has three naturally occuring isotopes! Some properties include: Atomic Weight = 12.011 (u) Density = 2.2 (g\/cm^3) Electronegativity = 2.55\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_6-e1743755969419.png?fit=1013%2C585&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_6-e1743755969419.png?fit=1013%2C585&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_6-e1743755969419.png?fit=1013%2C585&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/element_6-e1743755969419.png?fit=1013%2C585&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2614,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/08\/05\/get-back-to-school-with-atomic-periodic-table\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":4},"title":"Get back to school with &#8216;Atomic &#8211; Periodic Table&#8217;","author":"admin","date":"August 5, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"\ud83c\udf42 Back to School with Atomic \u2013 Your Ultimate Science Companion! \ud83e\uddea As the autumn leaves begin to fall and classrooms buzz back to life, it\u2019s time to gear up with the tools that make learning smarter, not harder. Meet Atomic\u2014the ad-free, open-source Periodic Table app designed to supercharge your\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;General&quot;","block_context":{"text":"General","link":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/category\/general\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Namnlos-design.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Namnlos-design.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Namnlos-design.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Namnlos-design.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Namnlos-design.png?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2343,"url":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/2025\/03\/04\/4-beryllium\/","url_meta":{"origin":2629,"position":5},"title":"#4 Beryllium","author":"admin","date":"March 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"'Element of the Week' - Beryllium: With the symbol Be and atomic number 4, beryllium is a gray, strong, lightweight and brittle alkaline earth metal. It was discovered in 1798 by Louis Nicolas Vauquelin. Some properties include: Atomic Weight = 9.01218 (u) Density = 1.85 (g\/cm^3) Electronegativity = 1.57 Fusion\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","block_context":{"text":"Similar post","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/element_4-e1741096089451.png?fit=1012%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/element_4-e1741096089451.png?fit=1012%2C582&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/element_4-e1741096089451.png?fit=1012%2C582&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/element_4-e1741096089451.png?fit=1012%2C582&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2632,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2629\/revisions\/2632"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jlindemann.se\/homepage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}